Midterm Exam Exercise : Level Two

1. Intellectual properties P: This legal entitlement generally enables its holder to exercise exclusive right of use in relation to the subject matter of the IP. The term intellectual property reflects the idea that this subject matter is the product of the mind or the intellect, and that IP rights may be protected at law in the same way as any other form of property. WIPO, The World Intellectual Property Organization: www.wipo.int

2. A software license is a type of proprietary or gratuitous license as well as a memorandum of contract between a producer and a user of computer software — sometimes called an End User License Agreement (EULA) — that specifies the perimeters of the permission granted by the owner to the user. For exemple when we sign for msn ! http://www.msn.com/

3. Digital rights management (DRM) is the umbrella term referring to any of several technical methods used to handle the description, layering, analysis, valuation, trading and monitoring of the rights held over a digital work. In the widest possible sense, the term refers to any such management.
Some types of DRMs have been recently declared illegal in France and the European Community is expected to rule on a ban of DRM systems.
Example: Microsoft, RealNetworks et Intertrust
http://www.microsoft.com/

4. In France Canal plus propose TV On demand, but it’s the beginning. Thanks to VOD, internet users will be able to watch film on their computer, (but they will have to pay).
A pair of separate deals announced also that between CBS and Comcast, as well as NBC Universal and DirecTV, soon will allow viewers to pay to watch current primetime broadcast hits just hours after they air for free. http://www.canalplay.com/
CBS and NBC will be charging 99 cents per episode to access such series as "CSI: Crime Scene Investigation" and the "Law & Order" spinoffs putting a twist on the traditional TV business model that will have untold implications for industry sectors ranging from affiliates to advertisers for years to come.

5. Time shifting is the recording of television shows to some storage medium to be viewed at a time convenient to the consumer. Example: “new video recording technology will be introduced in South Africa. It goes by the name of PVR, or Personal Video Recording”.

6. TIVO is a popular brand of digital video recorder (DVR), a term synonymous with personal video recorder (PVR). It is a consumer video device which allows users to capture television programming to internal hard disk storage for later viewing (sometimes called "time shifting"). http://www.tivo.com/

7. FTP or file transfer protocol is a protocol used for exchanging files over the Internet. FTP works in the same way as HTTP for transferring Web pages from a server to a user's browser, and SMTP for transferring electronic mail across the Internet in that FTP uses the Internet's TCP/IP protocols to enable data transfer. FTP is most commonly used to download a file from a server using the Internet or to upload a file to a server (e.g., uploading a Web page file to a server). http://www.wanadoo.fr/

8. Prime time is the block of programming on television during the middle of the evening. Prime time is the block of time with the most viewers and is generally where television networks and local stations reap much of their advertising revenues. (TF1 for example sells had ad space really expensive during the prime time)

9. Long Tail Marketing is a technique to increase sales while decreasing the cost per sale by developing and selling to thousands of niche markets. It has implications within search engine marketing, online selling and advertising purchases.
I think about software/ hardware because on Internet every creation must be evolutive, because everything is always moving: I mean that when you creat eyour softxare it's just for few month, few years, you have to keep in mind that it will have to be better later. "for example: MSN messenger"

10. Bricks and clicks is a business strategy by which a company attempts to integrate both online and physical presences. It is also known as Click-and-mortar or clicks-and-bricks: www.FNAC.com

11. Ripping is the process of copying the audio or video data from one media form, DVD or Compact Disc, to a hard disk. While the original media is typically digital, the extraction of analog media such as VHS video or vinyl records to a digital format can also be referred to as "ripping" by extension. Exemple: when I copy a music cd in my computer or when I keep it on my hard disk ( Itunes)…

12. I think BLOG are alternative journalism on the web, because thanks to it, everybody can post everyday news, everybody can published as if they where journalists. (and have a good feedback: as “courrier des lecteurs”). Example: http://www.cantaloube.com/ (dispatches from foreign correspondent)